Vibratory motor



Dec. 15, 1936. y J. wHr-rE 2,064,048

vInA'ronY Moron Filed oct. 3, 1954 5 @tv INVENTOR /40 Jae W/LnltsAPatented Dec. 15, 1936 4UNITED STATES VIBRATORY MOTOR Joe White,Anderson, Ind., assigner to General Motors Corporation, Detroit, Mich.,a. corporation of Delaware Application October 3, 1934, Serial No.746,668

6 Claims'.

This invention relates to vibratory motors for horns or sound signalsfor power vehicles andv more particularly to the type of vibratorymotors used in sound signal which employs a diaphragm in which thevibrations of the diaphragm is eiected by an armature connectedtherewith and operated by two electromagnets. located on each side ofthe armature.

In certain aspects, the present invention con- 10 stitutes animprovement over the apparatus described and claimed in the copendingapplication of Robert M. Critchfield and Joe White, Serial No. 721,263,led April 19, 1934. In that application there is disclosed a diaphragmhorn which is positively actuated in each direction of its oscillationsby electromagnets which operate alternately to attract an armature whichis connected with the diaphragm. In order that one of the electromagnetsof said application will operate upon the armature ahead of the otherelectromagnet so that the armature can be started oscillating, one ofthe electromagnet windings is connected directly with a source ofcurrent by a manually operated switch or horn button but the .otherelectromagnet is connectedthrough a relay switchmaving anelectromagnetic winding in which the building up of current is delayeddue to the reluctance of the magnetic circuit of the relay switch. Theapparatus disclosed in said copending application is therefore dependentfor its operation upon the fact that more time elapses between theclosing of the manually operated switch and the complete energization ofthe horn motor electromagnet in circuit with the electromagnetic relaythan between the closing of said switch and the complete energization ofthe horn motor electromagnet which is directly connected with thecurrent source.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an improvementin the apparatus disclosed in the application above referred to byproviding means whereby only one of the horn motor electromagnets iscaused to operate upon the closing of the manually operated vswitch orhorn button, the other of the horn motor electromagnets being preventedfrom being energized until the diaphragm has moved in one direction ofits oscillatory movement. /Irnother words the present invention providesthat, when the horn button is closed onlyI one of two horn diaphragmoperating magnets will be effective to cause the diaphragm to move'inone direction. This movement of the diaphragm in one direction causesthe magnet which pulls it in that direction to become inoperative and tocause the other electromagnet to be effective to pull the diaphragm inthe opposite direction. Likewise, C when the secondmentionedelectromagnet has moved the diaphragm in the opposite or secondmentioned direction to a certain extent, then the second mentionedelectromagnet will be rendered inoperative and the first mentionedelectromagnet operative to move the diaphragm in the direction iirstmentioned. In this way the diaphragm is positively operated in bothdirec- 10 -invention will be apparent from the following description,reference being had to the accompanying drawing, wherein a preferredembodiment of the present invention is clearly shown.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a horn or sound signal embodying thepresent invention.

Fig. 2 is a wiring diagram showing the electrical-circuits included inthe present invention.

Referring to Fig. l, 20 designates a frame having a circular flange 2|to which the peripheral edges of a diaphragm 22 and of a collar 23 areattached by bolts 24 and nuts 25. The collar 23 is provided with aninternally threaded annular boss 26 which receives an externallythreaded bushing 21 having an hexagonal head 21a and surrounding andattached to a horn projector or trumpet 28, the bell-shaped outlet ofwhich is not shown. It will be noted that the diaphragm 22 is normallyrelatively close to the 35 inside wall of the collar 23 and that thediaphragm is shaped so as to conform substantially to the contour ofthis inside wall. Therefore, as` the diaphragm 22 is operated itoperates to place the air between it and the collar 23 under a rela- 40tively high state of compression so that the air in the trumpet 28 willbe set vigorously into a state of vibration.

The frame 20 adjustably supports a plurality of brackets, not shown.These brackets are 45 riveted to opposite sides of laminated. magnetframes or cores 35 and 38. The magnet Iframes 35 and 38 carry windings40 and 4I respectively, as shown in Fig. 1.

The electromagnet 35, 40 and the electromag- 50 net 38, 4I eachcooperate with a common armature 42 mounted upon a rod 43 made from ahexagonal stock bar and having a reduced cylindrical portion 43a whichpasses through the diaphragm 22 and washers 44 and 45 and which 55 .inFig. 1. 'nections between the brackets 62 and 92 respece n cooperatingwith a nut .om 22 between the washa threaded o clamp the s t and o andthe sho1 has a redt extends tbrou washers an The portion ynora-litre 42,a sleeve 48, leaf spring member 5|. eaded to receive a nut nich causesWasher 50,

spring eeve 48 and diaphragm to be ci i :es: said nut 52 and a shoulderIn this Way the rod ties toget g 'the arm ture 42 the diap tion. By themagnet as to -obLn magnet f desired spaced relaeans, not shown, ii canbe adjusted so ir gaps between the The with U-shaped brackets ortopposite ends of the sprl nds being fastened thereto by s which secureto said brackets respec V" s oars 64 and 85. Screws not sho to the bar64 one end of a pair o p and the ends of a flexible plate not shown,secure to the the ofthe bars 68, and the ends of a The flexible platesand lar circuit br the magnet w1 The circuit b aller for controlling thewinding uit comprises a tationary Contact 80 and a movable Contactattached respectively to a rigid bracket and a flexible blade 83. Aninsulating strip Si is located between the bracket 82 and the blade Gt,and these parts are secured to the exible plate l@ by rivets 85. Asshown in Fig. l the bracket 82 and blade 83 are insulated from eachother and the blade 83 is insulated from the plate 1D. The insulatingstrip 84 extends slightly beyond the free end of the blade 83 so that itmay be engaged by a washer 86 carried by the rod 43 and adjustablysecured thereon by nuts 8l and B8 which are threaded on breaker forcontrolling the magnet winding 4| comprises a stationary contact 90 anda movable contact 9i carried respectively by bracket 92 and a flexibleblade 93. A non-conducting strip 94 is located between the bracket 92and the blade 93 and extends a little beyond the end of the blade 93 tobe engaged by the washer 86. The bracket 92, the strip 94 and the blade93 are attached to the flexible plate 13 by rivets 95, the blade 93being insulated from the bracket 92. The circuit breakers may be bodilyadjusted, by any suitable adjusting means, relative to the Washer 86 inorder that the separation of the contact 8| from the contact 80 may beeffected at the proper time during movement of the armature 42 towardthe left as viewed in Fig. l. Thus the relation of the strip 94 relativeto the washer 86 may be adjusted in order that the separation of contact90 from" contact 9| may take'place in the proper instant during thetravel of the armature 42 toward the right as viewed The screws notshown provide contively with ground. This ground connection is caused`through the 'frame of the horn which is mounted upon metallic parts ofthe vehicle to which the. current source,y and horn button or manuallyoperable switchv |3|, |32, |33 are grounded, as shown in the diagram ofFig. 2.

Contact |33.

Referring now to Fig. 2, the ground connections of brackets 82 and 92are indicated at |82 and |92 respectively. The washer 86 is not shown inFig. 2 but its equivalent is represented by the lugs 86a extending fromthe armature 42. A storage battery grounded at |2| connected by a wire|22 with pivot |23 of `an armature |24 is normally held by spring |25against a stop |26. The armature |24 carries a contact |21 engageablewith a stationary contact |28. Pivot |23 is connected with a relaywinding |29 surrounding a core in magnetic relation with the armature|24. Winding |29 is connected with a contact |3| of a horn button switchcomprising a grounded stationary contact |32 and a movable contact |33for'bridging the contacts i3| and |32. A spring |34 normally maintainsthe contact |33 out of engagement with the contacts |3| and |32. Thecontact |33 is moved into switch closing position by pressing anonoonducting button |35 which carries the movable Wire |36 connects thecontact |28 with the magnet winding which is connected by wire |31 withthe blade B3 and with a rsistance unit |38 which forms a parallelcircuit with respect to the contacts 80 and 8| and with respect to thecontacts 90 and 9|.v Magnet winding 4| is connected by wire |39 with theresistance |38 and with the blade 93 and is connected by a Wire |40 witha relay contact |4| which cooperates with a movable contact |42 carriedby an armature |43 pivoted at |44 and normally urged against a stop |45by a spring |46. Wire |41 .connects the armature |43 with wire |36.

Armature |43 cooperates with an electromagnet y,

with a core |48 and a magnet winding |49 grounded at and connected by aWire |5| to wire |31. In the mid-position or normal position of thewasher 86, it is spaced preferably about .O10 inch from the strips 84and 94. Therefore during a right hand movement of armature 42.contacts80, 8| close before contacts 90, 9| open; and, during a left handvmovement of armature 42, contacts 90, 9| close before contacts 80, 8|open.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: When it is desired tosound the horn the operator Closes the switch |3|, |32 and |33 bypressing the button |35 thereby causing current to flow from the battery|20 to the relay winding |29 thereby causing the armature |24 to beattracted thereby bringing contact |21 into engagement with contact |28whereupon current will flow through the wire |36, the horn magnetwinding 40, blade 83, contact 8|, contact 80, bracket 82 and ground |82.Relay Winding |49 being short circuited by contacts 80 and 8|, contact|42 will remain separated from the contact |4|, therefore no currentwill flow through the winding 4|. Consequently the armature 42 will movetoward the left toward the magnet frame 35 thereby causing the diaphragm22 to be moved toward the left as viewed in Fig. 1. After the armature42 has traveled toward the left a certain distance, contact 8| will beseparated from Contact l0 thereby causing the short circuit of therelaymagnet winding |49 to be interrupted. Some of the current which thenflows through the horn magnet winding 40 will flow to ground through therelay winding |49 and also to ground through the resistance |38 andcontacts 9| and 80. The separation of contact 8| from the contact 8lcauses less current to flow through the winding 40 due to the addedresistance of the circuit which includes resistance unit |38 in parallelwith rethrough contacts |21 and |28 and contacts |42 and |4| andreceives its full supply of current. Then the armature 42 will beattracted toward the right toward the magnet frame 38 thereby causingthe diaphragm 22 to move toward the right as viewed in Fig. 1. Duringmovement of the armature 42 toward the right the contact 8| willreengage with the contact 80 and the contact 9| will be separated fromthe contact 90. will cause a substantial reduction in the flow ofcurrent through the winding 4| and a substantial increase in the flow ofcurrent through the winding 4|), whereupon the armature 42 and diaphragm22 will swing toward the left. Hence the diaphragm will continue tooscillate so long as the button |35 is pressed to maintain the switch|3|, |32, |33 closed.

The relay contacts |4|, |42 remain closed so long as the switch |3|,|32, |33 is held closed for the reason that the magnetic reluctance ofthe relay parts |43, |48 is so great that there is not sufficient timefor the relay to become demagnetized between the time of the closing andthe opening of contacts 8| and 80 while the diaphragm 22 is vibrating.To provide relatively high reluctance the core |48 is made of solidsteel.

It is therefore apparent that the circuits are so arranged that, whenthe horn button or switch is closed, the armature can be attracted byonly one of the horn magnets, the other one being nonoperative untilafter the iirst magnet referred to has caused the armature to swingsuiiiciently to give the proper movement to the diaphragm. There is nolikelihood that both magnets can be operative at the same time and thehorn fail to sound as a consequence.

Obviously, the wire |22 might he directly connected with the wires IllGand Ml by a manually operable switch instead of the relay switch shown.A relay switch is preferable since it is not always desirable to carry arelatively heavy current through the relatively small manually operatedswitch which is usually mounted on lthe upper end of the steering columnof the vehicle.

It is therefore apparent that the present invention provides meansoperable in response to the closing of the control switch for effectingthe energization of only one magnet of the horn motor, in combinationwith circuit making and breaking devices which operate in response toThis electromagnets, a main operating switch for con-l necting a currentsource with the electromagnets, a pair of normally closed circuitbreakers, means cooperating with the circuit breakers for causing themagnets to be energized alternately, and means cooperating therewith forwithholding energizing current from one of the electromagnets untilafter the other of said electromagnets has become'operative.

2. An electrical system for a sounding signal,

. comprising in combination, a pair, of opposed electromagnets, anarmature located between said electromagnets and arranged to beattracted 4in opposite directions thereby, a main controlling switch forconnecting the magnets with a source of current, a pair of normallyclosed circuit breakers operated alternately by the movement of thearmature for causing the magnets to be alternately atected to attractthe armature, and means cooperating therewith for preventing theenergization of one of the magnets until after the other of said magnetshas been eiiective to attract the armature a certain distance.

3. An electrical system. for a sounding signal, comprising incombination, a pair of opposed electromagnets, an armature locatedbetween said electromagnets and arranged ,to be attracted in oppositedirections thereby, a main switch, circuit breakers operated alternatelyby the armature controlling circuits whereby the magnets are renderedalternately operative, and a normally open relay switch for controllingthe circuit of -one of the magnets and having a relay magnet windingnormally inoperative and rendered operative by a certain movement of thearmature produced by the operation oi thc other of the electromagnets.

4. An electrical system for a sounding signal, comprising incombination, a pair of opposed electromagnets, an armature locatedbetween the electromagnets and arranged to be attracted in oppositedirections thereby, a main switch, a pair of independent circuitbreakers normally closed and adapted to be operated alternately by thearmature controlling circuits whereby the magnets are renderedalternately operative, and a resistance and a normally open relay switchoperatively associated with one another for controlling the circuit ofone of the magnets, said relay having a magnet winding normallyinoperative and rendered operative by a certain movement of the armatureproduced by the operation or the other of the electromagnets.

5. An electrical system for a sounding signal, comprising incombination, a pair of opposed electromagnets, an armature locatedbetween the electromagnets and arranged to be attracted in oppositedirections thereby, a main switch, a pair of independent circuitbreakers normally closed and adapted to be operated alternately by thearmature controlling circuits whereby the magnets are renderedalternately operative, and a resistance and an electro-responsive deviceoperatively associated with one another, said electroresponsive devicebeing inoperative upon closing of the main switch for controlling thecircuit of one of the magnets and operative upon a certain movement ofthe armature produced by the operation of the other of the magnets.

6. An electrical system for a sounding signal, comprising incombination, a current source, a pair of opposed electromagnets, anarmature located between4 the electromagnets and arranged to beattracted in opposite directions thereby, a

in l 1 eeeroresponsive device opera.- eectroz'espensve devise beingoperative upon tively with. "che main switch and Chasing 0f the mainswitch wecone et the adapted to eonem'; t 1e 1 -signets with the currentmagnets in a, ceut 'm attract soul-ee, e'cut @mated alternately by Jcherelay swtc' l the armate circuits whereby the ing of the L 'f to theother mag mentioned magn certain distan-2e.

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